Shabbos Daf 73 שבת דַף 73

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1. Two more disputes regarding מתעסק

The Gemara brings two additional disputes between Abaye and Rava regarding מתעסק, preoccupation.

If someone intended to throw an object two amos but threw it four amos instead:

•Rava says he is exempt because he did not intend to throw it four amos.

•Abaye says is liable because he intended a throwing of some sort.

If someone thought he was throwing in a reshus hayachid but finds out it was a reshus harabim:

•Rava says he is exempt because he did not intend a prohibited throw.

•Abaye says he is liable because he intended some throw.

The Gemara explains why it was necessary to teach all three disputes between Abaye and Rava.

2. The 39 Melachos

The next Mishnah in the perek enumerates the 39 melachos:

•11 melachos relate to the preparation of bread.

•13 melachos relate to the processing of wool.

•7 melachos relate to the preparation of leather.

•8 melachos relate to construction.

3. מקלקל

Rebbe Abba said that one who digs a hole in the floor of his house on Shabbos but requires only its earth is exempt even according to Rebbe Yehudah who holds מלאכה שאינה צריכה לגופה חייב עליה, - one who performs a forbidden labor not needed for its defined purpose is nevertheless liable for it.

Rebbe Yehudah only holds of that ruling when the person is מתקן, he is rectifying something, not when he is מקלקל, ruining something. In this case the person is ruining his house.