Shabbos Daf 141 שבת דַף 141

Crushing produce into very small pieces is prohibited because of the melacha of tochein – grinding. Rav Yehudah said that one is permitted to crush peppers, as long at is done one at a time, and the crushing is done with the handle of a knife. Doing the action of crushing with these two changes from the normal way, permit it. Rava disagrees and says that even if one deviates from the normal manner by using the handle of the knife, he may crush even many peppers at one time.

Rav Yehudah said that one who is bathing in a stream of water on Shabbos, should dry himself before getting out, lest he come to carry the water on his body four amos on the banks of the water, which is a karmelis.

The Gemara asks that if this is so, then it should be prohibited for him to enter the water as well, because when he does, the force of his entry pushes the water away for a distance of four amos in the sea, which is also a karmelis? The Gemara answers כחו בכרמלית לא גזרו  – The Rabbanon did not decree against transferring through one’s force, in a karmelis.

Rava said that if one took out a live child into reshus harabim, with a pouch suspended from his neck, he is chayav because of the pouch.

The Gemara asks why the father is not chayav for carrying the child as well, and answers that Rava holds like Rebbe Nassan who says, חיי נושא את עצמו – a living being supports its own weight.

The Gemara then asks why the person is chayav at all, since one should view the pouch as an accessory to the child, similar to the ruling that if one carries out a live person on a bed, he is patur even for the bed, since it is tafel (secondary) to the person. The Gemara answersמטה לגבי חי מבטלי ליה  – a bed is considered an accessory to a living person, because it is servicing him, לגבי תינוק לא מבטל ליה - whereas the pouch is not considered an accessory to the child, since it is just an extraneous object he is using as a toy .